Let's solve these equations step by step:

1) (7 - y) - 12 = 36
=> 7 - y - 12 = 36
=> -y - 5 = 36
=> -y = 41
=> y = -41

2) 10(532 – y) = 5300
=> 5320 - 10y = 5300
=> -10y = -20
=> y = 2

3) 14y - y + 8 = 21
=> 13y + 8 = 21
=> 13y = 13
=> y = 1

4) 205 . y - 212 = 403
=> 205y - 212 = 403
=> 205y = 615
=> y = 3

5) (2y – 5) + 38 = 43
=> 2y - 5 + 38 = 43
=> 2y + 33 = 43
=> 2y = 10
=> y = 5

6) 1479 : (7y – 5) = 29
=> 1479 = 29(7y - 5)
=> 1479 = 203y - 145
=> 1624 = 203y
=> y = 8

7) 13(6 - y) = 0
=> 78 - 13y = 0
=> -13y = -78
=> y = 6

8) 238y - 100y + 1240 = 1930
=> 138y + 1240 = 1930
=> 138y = 690
=> y = 5

9) (y + 16) 12 = 240
=> y + 16 = 20
=> y = 4

10) 11y + 1305 = 1401 - 13y
=> 11y + 13y = 1401 - 1305
=> 24y = 96
=> y = 4

Therefore, the solutions to the equations are:
1) y = -41
2) y = 2
3) y = 1
4) y = 3
5) y = 5
6) y = 8
7) y = 6
8) y = 5
9) y = 4
10) y = 4